Everything Bonsai

Nutrients

Trees are amazingly self-sufficient.

They take in needed elements from the environment without having to move to fetch it as animals do.

But that can be a limitation as well, since they are dependent on finding what they need nearby.

Bonsai, since they're confined to a pot, need nutrients added artificially.

Fortunately, supplying the right ones in the correct amounts is one of the simpler tasks associated with caring for a bonsai.


Bonsai 'food' can readily be obtained from a local nursery or gardening section, or purchased online through Bonsai Boy.

The most common type contains NPK, nitrogen (N), phosphates (P) and potassium (K).

The last is usually in the form of potash, a material made from the ashes of wood and plants. Beyond these three, bonsai need a number of other nutrients, including iron (Fe) and vitamins (especially B-vitamins).

When applying commercial B-complex supplements, spraying onto the leaves in cooler or moderately warm weather is an ideal way to apply.

Above 85F (29C) the stomata (breathing pores) in leaves close and the tree stops aspirating (breathing), and the exchange of gases and moisture through the leaves is radically lowered.

Spraying the leaves during hot weather cools them enough to open up, but they lose moisture to the hot air, which will dry out the leaves and ultimately the tree.

More bonsai are killed from incorrect watering practice than through any other means.

One good way to apply nutrients is to use commercially available pills or tablets.

Place them on the soil to the left and right of the trunk and water daily. The water and natural leeching process will import the nutrients down through the soil.





How much fertilizer to supply depends on a number of factors, including the age, size and species of the tree.

Also, how long the tree has been growing since the last re-potting, how good the drainage is, the development of the root system and growing conditions (climate).

Some experimentation will be needed, but following the directions on the packet is a good beginning. Watch for burned leaves or drooping flowers, one sign of too much of a good thing.

Nutrient supplements should be added in larger amounts during the growing season, but small amounts are helpful during the fall (Sept-Oct in the Northern Hemisphere) to aid color enhancement.

NPK 0-10-10 is useful at this time as a fertilize low in nitrogen will help the plant prepare for it's winter dormant period.

In general feeding every 2-4 weeks is best, but don't feed the tree immediately after re-potting, wait three to four weeks.

In addition, feeding is best carried out while the soil is moist.

Because of the frequent watering necessary for all bonsai, nutrients will naturally tend to be washed away. A regular feeding program will need to be used to offset this tendency.

As with all bonsai care routines, how much and when to apply nutrients depends on a number of factors. With a little experimentation, practice and patience the reward will be a true living art.

Good Luck and Happy Gardening!